Demographic attributes of yellow-phase American eels (Anguilla rostrata) in the Hudson River estuary
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چکیده
Management of American eels (Anguilla rostrata) requires an understanding of how demographic attributes vary within large estuaries. Yellow-phase American eel length and age structure, growth, dispersal, nematode infestation rates, loss rate (natural mortality and emigration), and production were measured at six sites throughout the tidal portion of the Hudson River. Short-term dispersal was low, with >70% of eels at all sites captured <1 km from their original tagging area. Length was similar among sites (total length = 45.7 ± 0.3 cm), whereas age was substantially lower for brackish-water sites (8 ± 4 years) than for freshwater sites (17 ± 4 years). Growth was higher for brackish-water sites than for freshwater sites (8.0 cm·year1 and 3.4 cm·year1, respectively). From 1997 to 2000, infestation by the exotic nematode Anguillicola crassus increased dramatically in mean intensity as well as prevalence. Annual loss rates measured for the six sites varied between 9% and 24%, with no statistical difference between freshwater and brackishwater sites. Estimated eel production was higher in a brackish-water habitat (1.101.77 kg·ha1·year1) than in a freshwater location (0.210.58 kg·ha1·year1). The results of this study support a recent proposal to establish freshwater areas as exploitation reserves. Résumé : La gestion des anguilles dAmérique (Anguilla rostrata) exige une compréhension de la variation des caractéristiques démographiques à lintérieur des grands estuaires. Nous avons mesuré la structure en longueur et en âge, la croissance, la dispersion, le taux dinfection par les nématodes, les taux de perte par mortalité naturelle et par émigration, ainsi que la production chez des anguilles jaunes à six sites situés dans la section du fleuve Hudson affectée par les marées. La dispersion à court terme est réduite et >70 % des anguilles à tous les sites sont recapturées à <1 km de leur point original de marquage. La longueur est la même à tous les sites (longueur totale = 45,7 ± 0,3 cm), alors que lâge est considérablement plus bas aux sites deau saumâtre (8 ± 4 ans) quaux sites deau douce (17 ± 4 ans). La croissance est plus forte en eau saumâtre quen eau douce, respectivement de 8,0 cm/an et de 3,4 cm/an. De 1997 à 2000, linfection par le nématode exotique Anguillicola crassus a augmenté de façon spectaculaire, tant en intensité quen prévalence. Les taux de pertes annuelles aux six sites varient de 9 à 24 %, sans quil ny ait de différence statistique entre les sites deau douce et deau saumâtre. La production estimée des anguilles est plus forte dans lhabitat deau saumâtre (1,101,77 kg·ha1·an1) quen eau douce (0,210,58 kg·ha1·an1). Les résultats de notre étude appuient la suggestion récente de létablissement des zones deau douce comme réserves dexploitation. [Traduit par la Rédaction] Morrison and Secor 1501
منابع مشابه
Abundance of Yellow-Phase American Eels in the Hudson River Estuary
—Fisheries for American eel Anguilla rostrata occur mostly in estuaries, yet eel abundance in large estuaries is poorly understood and the methods for estimating eel density underdeveloped. During 1997–1999, mark–recapture experiments were conducted for six consecutive days at six sites spanning the 250-km tidal portion of the Hudson River estuary, New York. Each experiment comprised 36 baited ...
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